Racial Discrimination A Social Injustice That People Of...

Racial Discrimination is a social injustice that people of color have been subject to for years. In the U.S., racial discrimination against people of color in the justice system generates a wide variety of public issues that influence the life possibilities of the Latino and Black communities. Race, status, and class are some of the main reasons for legal inequality. Laws were created in an effort to ensure the safety and stability of everyone everywhere. With that being said, however, the laws did and do not always have the best interest of certain race or minorities in mind, therefore legal equality has never ceased to exist because it never existed in the first place. This paper will argue how the U.S., has overlooked legal inequality for decades by referring to sources that we have discussed in class by Alexander, Cheryl, Brown v. Board of Education, Plessy v. Ferguson and Parents Involved v. Seattle School District to make the case that legal inequality is an ongoing issue toda y. Legal Equality is defined as†¦ In the book The New Jim Crow, by Michelle Alexander, she highlights one of many problems that plague our legal system here in the U.S. â€Å"Rather than rely on race, we use our criminal justice system to label people of color â€Å"criminals† and then engage in all the practices we supposedly left behind (Alexander, 2).† She argues that even though the U.S. got rid of the Jim Crow Laws back along with slavery, does not mean we have solved the problem of racism. In theShow MoreRelatedThe Colors Of Racism By John Steinbeck And Of Mice And Men 1330 Words   |  6 Pages The Colors of Racism in Of Mice and Men The struggle of racism in America is one which has been regularized in American society. The devaluation and undermining of colored individuals has become commonplace, due to social injustice. In particular, racial discrimination prevails among African American societies due to the color of their skin, and the stereotypical notions of racial superiority that the white race illuminates. For over three-hundred years, the African American communities haveRead MoreSocial Injustice, Racism, And Social Work1647 Words   |  7 Pages Social Injustice, Racism, and Social Work Rachel Condit December 4, 2017 Professor Keyes Social Work 1111 Social Injustice and Ism’s Social injustice is any issue when unfair practices are being carried out in society. Social injustice effects many groups today, especially minorities. Societal isms are the prejudicial attitudes directed against groups that society identifies as â€Å"lesser†-less capable, less productive, and less normal. Racism Racism is defined as an ideologyRead MoreThe Problems Of Racial Identity927 Words   |  4 PagesThe Problems of Racial Identity Over time certain groups of people have been taken advantage of and treated unfairly. In recent history especially, the groups that are being taken advantage of are those of color. The world is learning faster than ever how important it is to treat people equally and not discriminate against individuals or groups based on the color of their skin. However, the world is not perfect and this is still a slow process. Like in Citizen, this research paper is being writtenRead MoreRacial Discrimination And Its Effects On People And Society1653 Words   |  7 PagesRacial discrimination has many effects on people and the society, and these effects are mostly negative. In To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee, the author, demonstrates racial discrimination and its effects through Tom Robinson s case. Tom Robinson is accused of raping and beating Mayella, and Atticus Finch is the man who steps up to defend this innocent man in the town of Maycomb, where everyone was decided from racial prejud ice. In the three following sources, Montgomery Boycott, White PeopleRead MoreInjustice And Social Injustices1532 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Though the concept of social injustice is universal in nature, the experience varies with each person. Factors like a person’ race, or gender can further influence the severity of the injustice; victims caught in the overlap between discriminations often go unrecognized by the law and society. Many people recognize the names Michael Brown, Eric Garner, and Tamir Rice as African Americans who were murdered by local police. But names like Michelle Cusseaux, Tanish Anderson, and MeaganRead MoreRacial Discrimination : The World Has More Than 6 Billion People With A Diversity Of Human Races808 Words   |  4 Pages21 November 11, 2015 Title- Racial Discrimination in the workplace The world has more than 6 billion people with a diversity of human races and colors. Even Though, by means of nature, people used to see each other as white, black, Hispanic, Asian, American, African, etc. As humans spread throughout the globe, they adapted to one of a kind dwelling conditions while genetic mutations introduced precise traits to the people. Likewise, the concept of race, a group of people with genetic and physical featuresRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography Of The Coming Of Age 1078 Words   |  5 PagesMississippi According to the author’s mother, Toosweet, black people will always face despair because change within the white supremacy system is nearly impossible. In the novel Coming of Age in Mississippi, internalized oppression divides the black community in the face of white oppression. By accepting the injustices, the black community indirectly supports oppression. Moody’s family hates the idea of rebelling against the injustice. Internalized oppression affects anyone who perceives as inferiorRead MorePersuasive Essay On The Kneeling Movement1437 Words   |  6 Pagesknee during the National Anthem. Taking a knee or sitting during the National Anthem symbolizes the protest of the mistreatment and social injustice of minorities in America. Kneeling during the National Anthem has captured the nation’s attention but for all the wrong reasons. However, some citizens in America feels as if it is disrespectful to the people who fight for this country. Kneeling during the National Anthem has captured the nation’s attention but for all the wrong reasons. The primeRead MoreThe Color Line : Mass Media And Systemic Racism1258 Words   |  6 PagesCentury is the problem of the color line: Mass Media and Systemic Racism In the Souls Of Black Folk , Du Bois starts his collection by stating that â€Å"the problem of the Twentieth Century is the problem of the color line.† (p. 34 Forethought Du. Bois) Du Bois’s conception of the â€Å"problem of the color line† is an apt diagnosis for the problems about racialized identities of his time and is still applicable for the Twenty-first century. Du Bois’s â€Å"problem of the color line† can be seen operating inRead MoreAnalysis Of Martin Luther Kings Letter From Birmingham Jail925 Words   |  4 Pagesprotest of discrimination against African-Americans. King firmly believed that non-violent protest, in the form of sit-ins, boycotts, and picketing, would raise awareness of the prejudices African-Americans suffered and, in turn, lead to progress in gaining equal rights between the races. His â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail,† which he wrote during his incarceration in response to the idea that the battle for civil rights should be fought in court, not via protests, states that â€Å"injustice anywhere is

Essay on Marie-Antoinette - 1384 Words

Maria Antonia Josepha Joanna, later known as Marie-Antoinette, was born on 02 November 1755. At 13 years of age, Marie was sent to France to begin her relationship with the Dauphin of France, Louis XVI. In 1770, at the age of 15, she and the Louis XVI were married in Vienna, then taking the throne in 1774. Marie-Antoinette was a young, beautiful, elegant, and graceful queen whose fashion influenced the women of France. She was very proud of where she originated, Hapsburg, and she was very proud of how she presented herself. Marie-Antoinette was a young woman who was never given an opportunity to be young. She married young, took over as the queen of France at a young age, and therefore she still had much growing up to do. The queen†¦show more content†¦Unfortunately, by that time, the damage had already been done; Marie was growing tired of her queen duties, and wanted to be out of the public eye. Finally, Marie began using her power as queen, stopped publicly displa ying herself, and spent more time with her friends. At that time, is when she began her shopping sprees of expensive gifts for her friends, and led to her spending more time, and money, on herself. She began to spend more of her time with her friends going to masked balls, theatres, gambling, and late night trips to the park. Marie’s free-spirited living was not comforting to the people of France. However, she was still idolized by some for her traits. Marie was often complimented on her beauty and style. Vigee Lebrun, Marie-Antoinette’s painter, once commented on â€Å"the translucent colour of her complexion, her long blonde hair, and her well-proportioned and full-bosomed figure†. To maintain her beautiful appearance, she would spend a great amount of money on dresses and accessories, such as high headdresses and plumes, to go along with the dresses, which were sometimes voluminous. She was constantly exceeding her clothing allowance, and her husband was more than happy to cover the difference to keep his wife happy. To keep Marie happy, Louis XVI gave her Petit Trianon, as a place for her to have to herself. She built a theatre so she could have shows, and sheShow MoreRelatedMarie Antoinette Essay632 Words   |  3 PagesMarie Antoinette Marie Antoinette is possibly one of the most famous French Monarchs. Born an Austrian princess, she because one of the last monarchs to rule the French, Marie Antoinette has had a major impact on French History but, most importantly, the French Revolution. Unfortunately, she isn’t remembered as a great queen or ruler, but because of the way her and her husband died on the guillotine. Marie Antoinette was born on November 2, 1755. Her mother was the Empress Maria Theresa and herRead MoreThe Portrait Of Marie Antoinette863 Words   |  4 Pagesartwork I decided to do my research and write about is the portrait of Marie Antoinette with her Children. I found this portrait very interested in me; I am going to give you a brief information on the artist of the artwork. This portrait was by Elisabeth Louise Vigee-Lerun and the portrait is oil on canvas, 9’  ½Ã¢â‚¬  x 7’5/8†. The portrait was created in 1700 in France. It’s a portrait of a French queen who is Marie Antoinette along with her children as a good mother to her children, but there isRead MoreThe Innocence of Marie Antoinette1219 Words   |  5 Pageswithout a thought for her subjects’ plight. Such is the distorted but widespread view of Marie-Antoinette, Queen of France (1755-1793), wife of King Louis XVI. In recent years the Coppola film has further damaged the image of the much-maligned, beautiful and charming Austrian archduchess, sent to France at age fourteen to marry the fifteen-year-old Dauphin. Sadly, the picture many people now have of Marie-Antoinette is of her running through Versailles with a glass of champagne in her hand, eating bonbonsRead MoreMarie Antoinette of Vienna1054 Words   |  4 PagesNovember 2nd, 1755 Marie Antoinette was born, at Hofburg Palace, in Vienna, Austria May 16th, 1770 Marie was married to Dauphin Louis-Auguste. Their Marriage sealed the alliance between France and Austria that was made by Marie Tereasa during the Severn Years War. August 15th, 1774 Marie was given the Gift of Petit Trianon by Louis XVI which was a small chà ¢teau on the grounds of Versailles that she was given to renovate. The chà ¢teau was originally supposed to be for Louis the XV’s mistress, MadameRead More Marie Antoinette Essay513 Words   |  3 Pages Marie Antoinette Marie Antoinette was the wife of King Louis XVI of France. She was born in 1755 in France and was the daughter of the Great Emperor Francis I and Maria Theresa of Austria. Because here parents came from two countries at war with each other, their marriage formed a peace treaty. Marie was very spoiled and grew up with an extravagant lifestyle. She herself became the wife of the next heir to the French throne to further keep the peace. The heir was Louis XVI, who was a very dullRead More Marie Antoinette Essay2066 Words   |  9 Pagesbiggest mistake Louie made was when he bribed the Austrian princess Marie Antoniette at the age of fifteen . Because of Antoniette and Louie’s passion for her France underwent a horrible time period. She is the worst queen France has ever seen. Blinded by beauty, she led to Louie’s death and the uprising of the French people. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Louie upon taking his first glance at Marie was breathtaking. Marie Antoinette is depicted as an absolute beauty . But beauty is at the eye of theRead MoreEssay about Marie Antoinette1467 Words   |  6 PagesStrassburg itself and at Saverne outside Strassburg she was the guest of Cardinal Louis de Rohan, who would later so damage her reputation in the so-called Diamond Necklace Affair. Having once arrived in Versailles, the young and inexperienced Marie Antoinette (as she would be called from now on) easily got into difficulties in a Court full of gossip and intrigue. She was not given by nature to diplomacy and reflection, and in the artificial and pleasure-loving atmosphere of Versailles her personalityRead More Biography of Marie Antoinette Essay2100 Words   |  9 PagesBiography of Marie Antoinette Born with the name Antonia, Marie Antoinette was born in Vienna, Austria on November 2, 1755. Marie-Antoinette was one of the 16 children of Holy Roman Emperor Francis I and Empress Maria Theresa, queen of Hungary and Bohemia. She was the youngest and most beautiful daughter of all. Marie Antoinette was brought up believing her destiny was to become queen of France. Marie Antoinettes first child was Marie Therese Charlotte(Madame Royale). Unpopular Queen Marie AntoinetteRead MoreThe Truth About Marie Antoinette1305 Words   |  6 Pages Sombillo 1 Alysia Sombillo World History Mrs. Ray World History Research Paper Draft 3-3-16 The Truth about Marie Antoinette Marie Antoinette was born on November 2, 1755, in Vienna, Austria. Marie Antoinette was a queen that ruled with a powerful, wealthy, fist. She was a foreign wife and queen once she married King Louis XVI of France. Throughout her rule over France, Marie Antoinette was kept under a light of ignorance by the people, and therefore, should not be blamed for their suffering, theRead MoreEssay about Marie Antoinette658 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Marie Antoinette FMM 1200 Marie Antoinette Maria Theresa of Austria thought she was sealing â€Å"a favorable alliance between France and Austria† (New World Encyclopedia) by having her daughter, Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna, marry Louis XVI, but she was actually unknowingly giving her a chance to make fashion history. Life History When Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna wed Louis XVI, she was told to leave everything behind; her Austrian clothes, possessions, servants, her animal and even her name

The Impact of a Call Centre on Communication

Question: Discuss about the The Impact of a Call Centre on Communicationn in a Programme. Answer: Introduction The scenario is based on the multinational payment card company located in the suburb of Brisbane is planning to outsource with the help of telephone marketing. The telemarketing service providers having call centers in Singapore and Suva requires a large number of numbers of the customers and the details of the payment card. The call center is responsible for storing the required information about the customers and need to update headquarter about all the updated information. The payment card company wants security strategies, policies and the standards from the call center to ensure that the security provided to the confidential details about the customer to the call center is secured. The need for strategy regarding the security of the customer details is a sensitive area for the payment card company as the reputation of the company is dependent on the way it handles the payment of customer in a secured way (Regina M. Hechanova 2013). Therefore, when the payment card company is giving the details of the payment information of a customer to the call center they required a security strategy of the details and the policies the call center company is acquiring for keeping the information secured. Security Strategies The strategies like recording call and data, customer relationship management, voice over Internet protocols and customer tracking solutions are the significant strategies that the call center can follow for adhering with the payment card company. The call center should optimize the workforce providers for ensuring the solutions that are been provided have the exact security protocols as well as the operation is done in a network having high level of security (Guedes, Furtado and Pequeno 2014). The solution might differ with the different level of automated devices that are been used for protecting the sensitive data of the clients. The best strategies that could be applied by call centers to convince card payment company is by facilitating controls of automated controls of pause/resume system for the voice as well as screen recorder. The other option that could be used is Interactive Voice Response, end-to-end encryption, password management and audit trail (Martin 2015). Strategies and its prospects and consequences Capability/ Strategies Description Pros Cons Pause/Resume (Manual) The agents follow the manual pause/resume strategies. At the time, customers started sharing data, which is confidential and sensitive the agent can manually operate with help of a button that pause the recording and aging press the button for the second time for resuming recording. The sensitive data is protected from recording. The manual operation depends on the agent who is operating the system, as he might not pause the recording when the customer is sharing confidential data (Xiaosong et al. 2016). This step might affect the experience of the customer. Pause/Resume (Automated) API helps in integrating the recording with servicing application. At the time of accessing the sensitive field in application servicing, the recording is paused automatically and it is resumed automatically (Mao et al. 2016). The sensitive data is prevented from recording. The risk of having human error is eliminated. The process is clear and transparent. The resources regarding the Information Technology from the call center or the enterprise is needed at the time of implementing the solution. The customer might share the sensitive data ahead of the trigging of the automatic pause button. Desktop Analysis It helps in pausing as well as resuming the record automatically. This process is an automatic process and is transparent to the customers. The changes regarding code level is not required. The application has to be purchased and resources are required for the implementation of the Desktop Analysis (Barros, Pickering and Gudes 2015). Analytics of Real-time speech This strategy is used to spot information that is sensitive in real time. Application pauses automatically as soon as it get certain commands and recording is resumed when after a definite time delay or when other word is said by the customers (Deshpande 2014). The application minimizes the risk like recording and storing significant data of the customers. High skilled operators are needed for implementing and managing the system. Interactive Voice Response process of payment It is significantly used for recording information regarding the credit or debit card of the customer (Saylor 2014). The time when customer makes payment, the operator is responsible for transferring the customer to IVR. IVR only see or hear the information of credit card. The process of payment by credit card is fully secured. The call handling time is increased. The customer could have a negative impact as the call is transferred to the IVR. Adapting Cloud Computing as Strategy The implementation of cloud computing has bring a revolutionized period for the call center. The cloud computing technology has eliminated the huge capital expenditure and the investment done on the upgradation and maintenance. The call center when taking the responsibility of the payment card company needs to implement this technology (Al-Ayyoub et al. 2015). This helps in the update of the regulation, which is done by the software provider. Security strategies as required by Payment card company The call center should developed a strategy according to the requirement of the payment card company. The strategies include the following steps: Constructing and Maintaining a Secure Network- A configured firewall should be construct and maintain for preventing the data of the cardholder. The call center should not use any parameter of security supplied by the vendor. Protecting the data of the cardholder: The data of the cardholder should be prevented and stored in an appropriate manner. The data should be encrypted before transmission in the public network (Paulsen 2014). The management program should be vulnerable: Antivirus should be updated regularly and developed as well as secure systems should be maintained. Access control implementation: The access to data of cardholder should be restricted and should only be use for the needs of business. Each person should be assigned with a new ID for accessing the system (Ye et al. 2014). The physical access to the data of the cardholder should be restricted. Monitoring and testing networks regularly: Tracking and monitoring the access to the resources of the network and the data of the cardholder should be implemented (Ferdoush and Li 2014). The processes and the system of the security should be tested regularly. Policies Adopted by the Call Center The call centers should convince the payment card company about implementation of the suitable retention policies. The policies are stated below: The policy should ensure that data of the payment card is stored when it is necessary. The disposal procedure should be implemented in the policy. The time limit should be restricted on keeping the information of card in Quality assurance, recording server as well as in the database of customer relationship management. The corporate governance and the department of Quality Assurance needs to work on the requirements of call center for adhering the payment card company compliance (Filnov et al. 2015). The card validation code like CAV2, CID, CVC2 and CVV2 should not be stored in the format of digital audio or in the format of video (Boutcher et al. 2014). If the Quality assurance or the recording solution fails in blocking the audio and video from storing then the code should be deleted from the stored recording. The full access to PAN should be provided based on the need to k now requirement. The call center operation should be segmented for minimizing the number of operators having access to the data of the payment card (Long, Shelhamer and Darrell 2015). Considering an example of this policy is the information could be entered by the sales operator but the executive of the customer service must only have the access to for masking PAN. Call center should encrypted the data The call center should be adhering the policy of implementing the strong protocols of encryption. These protocols include Secure Socket Layer, Internet Protocol Security, and Secure Shell (Puzio et al. 2014) for transmitting the data of the cardholder in the public network. The transmission includes the Voice and streaming of data through Voice over IP systems of telephone (De Pessemier et al. 2015), as the data is sent over the public network. The necessity of strong cryptography is also requires for the Voice over IP system. If the Voice over IP systems fails to provide strong cryptography, the call center company needs to use the analog telephone system. The information regarding the payment card details should not be send through an unencrypted code and the end user receiving medium should not be inform of chat, email, simple messaging system (Ozkaynak et al. 2014)and other channels of non-encrypted communications. The best policy is to ensure that the play back of the stored recording is restricted if the recording includes the data regarding the information of the card details. Policy of Authentication Implemented among Staff The policies should be clear about the appropriate user authentication implementation among the staff, administrators and operators. The policies include the following steps: The access to the Quality Assurance, recording solutions and Customer Relationship Management should be restricted to the data containing information about the details of the payment card. The implementation of policies like providing recording of the screen with interfaces of playback and the information about the payment card details is visualized only to the managers and masking the information to the other supervisors and Quality Assurance specialists (Milstein et al. 2015). The operations of the call center should be segmented in such a way that a minimum number of operators should have access to the information regarding the details of the card. The supervisors and the operators should not share passwords and the user id. Information Security Policy Implemented in Call Center. The understated policies should be implemented by the call centers in order to adhere with the payment card company. The policies are stated below: The operational security procedures should be developed on a daily basis. The procedures should be consisting of all the requirements of the payment card company (Peltier 2016). The procedure should also define the responsibilities assigned to all the personnel. The policies should be developed for using the technologies that are critical and the policies should also be well defined with the appropriate use of the technologies so that the personnel should not face any problem to understand the use of the technologies. The policies should be implemented in such a way that every individual and every specific team should have the responsibilities for providing the security. The awareness program regarding the formal security should be implemented. This helps the personnel to be conscious and aware of the importance of the payment card security (Murdoch and Anderson 2014). The personnel should be trained well so that they can acquire the knowledge regarding the procedures and policies of security. The reviewing of all the procedures as well as the security policies should be done annually. The reviewing requires the presence of in house and remote operators. The operator should acknowledge all the requirements of the security and implement them as a daily sign in process. This is the best practice as well as the best policies that the company could implement. The potential employees should be screened before hiring for the process. The mentoring of both remote agents as well as the in house agent is the best practice and policy. It reduces the risks of being attacks from the internal sources. The call center manager should have the control on the compliance of monitor policy. The policies should be developed that will restricted the unauthorized copying, storing and moving the data of the card holder in to the hard drives as well as electronic media at the time of accessing the data of the card holder with the help of remote technologies. Call Center implementing the policies regarding Media The policy should be developed for giving attention to the specific authentication data. The storage of those data should be strictly prohibited. The access of the media both by physically and logically to records the call must be prohibited. The interactions regarding the recording must be logged in the accounts for future use. The back up and the storage of the recorded solutions should not follow a back door solution. The policy of destruction should be formulated for destroying the records that are not needed for keeping for a longer span of time. An innovative policy of tracking the product of call recording should be formulated. It helps in tracking all the logical and the physical access that the media have regarding the contents of the data of information. The features like encryption, authentication, logging and detailed reporting are provided by this policy. Standards The call center needs to provide certain standards to the payment card company for meeting the global standards. The standards are stated below: The call center should exercise an effective authentication control for all the operators who have the access of recording the call. The standards should be set such that there should be no direct connections between the internet and the system that is storing the audio. The standard should be set such that the system is able to maintain the secure configuration standards and the vulnerabilities should be checked on a regular basis. The sales operator and the supervisors should have installed the personal firewall and the operations. The global standard includes the installation of the latest updated version of the corporate software from the protection of the virus and other malwares that are harmful for the confidential information. The personal computers of the sales operator and the supervisors shall install this software (Deryugin et al. 2015). The personal computers of the supervisor and the operators should install the security patches. The goal of setting the standard to meet the global requirements is enhancing the security of the payment account with the help of awareness, knowledge and the various standards that helps in increasing the standard of the security of card payment. The major card payment companies like American Express, JCB International, Visa Inc and Discover Financial service follows the rule like PIN Transaction Security, Payment Application Data Security Standard (Ammons 2014) could be implemented by the call centers for adhering with the payment company card. Assumption of Challenges for Payment Company Card The concept of outsourcing implemented by the payment company card is great but there are certain challenges that are been assumed that the company might face while giving the work to the call center for storing the information and updating the stored data. The call center might store in the important card details of the customer in the audio recordings of the voice. The call center could overcome these challenges and convince the payment card company by the security strategies that are stated above in the report (Bond-Barnard, Steyn and Fabris-Rotelli 2013.). The call center could also convince the payment card company by which the recording of the important information data could be restricted so that no fraud or forgery could happen. Conclusion The recent survey shows that the customers in UK are giving a second thought before making payments through the call center. The card payment company might face this as a big barrier. The research done by Syntec Telecom shows that 30% of the Great Britain Population does not agree to pay through the call centers. The customers and the clients steel felt that a lot of thing is need to be improved for keeping the data securely in the call center. The call center could only convince the card payment company if they earn the trust of the customers. The call centers should also try to eliminate the fraud trademark that they carries and should maintain the security policies and strategies for their development. Recommendations The call center managers have to take initiative for regaining the trust of the clients. The regaining of trust is only possible if the call center starts applying the following steps in their company for customer satisfaction. The steps include: Technology Usage: The use of technology for hiding the important information regarding the details of the credit and debit card should be implemented by the call centers. Audit: The regular audit on the calls should be done for monitoring the fraud and forgery cases. Training of Employees: The employees should be trained and the extreme measures should be formulated if any of the employees violated the rules of the company by committing fraud and forgery with the customers. Monitoring: The monitoring of external and internal fraud should be done appropriately. Strategy: The security strategy should be formulated by the organizations that should be technically sound. Improvement: The manager should monitor the requirement of the operation for improving the programs of the security. Elimination of Failings: The basic failings of the operations should be deleted like storing of important information. Trusted partners: The trusted secure partners should be chosen for the security areas of the company. References Al-Ayyoub, M., Wardat, M., Jararweh, Y. and Khreishah, A.A., 2015. Optimizing expansion strategies for ultrascale cloud computing data centers.Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory,58, pp.15-29. Ammons, D., 2014.Municipal Benchmarks: Assessing Local Perfomance and Establishing Community Standards. Routledge. Barros, A., Pickering, C. and Gudes, O., 2015. Desktop analysis of potential impacts of visitor use: A case study for the highest park in the Southern Hemisphere.Journal of environmental management,150, pp.179-195. Bond-Barnard, T.J., Steyn, H. and Fabris-Rotelli, I., 2013. The impact of a call centre on communication in a programme and its projects.International Journal of Project Management,31(7), pp.1006-1016. Boutcher, D.C., Harney, R.K., Munroe, S.J. and Scheel, J.J., International Business Machines Corporation, 2014.Real-time security verification for banking cards. U.S. Patent 8,632,002. De Pessemier, T., Stevens, I., De Marez, L., Martens, L. and Joseph, W., 2015. Analysis of the quality of experience of a commercial voice-over-IP service.Multimedia Tools and Applications,74(15), pp.5873-5895. Deryugin, V.N., Giacomini, P., Makagon, P., Ryabchun, A. and Anisimov, N., Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories, Inc., 2015.Method and apparatus for extended management of state and interaction of a remote knowledge worker from a contact center. U.S. Patent 9,002,920. 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Ozkaynak, M., Johnson, S., Shimada, S., Petrakis, B.A., Tulu, B., Archambeault, C., Fix, G., Schwartz, E. and Woods, S., 2014. Examining the Multi-level Fit between Work and Technology in a Secure Messaging Implementation. InAMIA Annual Symposium Proceedings(Vol. 2014, p. 954). American Medical Informatics Association. Paulsen, K.L., Cirque Corporation, 2014.Method for protecting cardholder data in a mobile device that performs secure payment transactions and which enables the mobile device to function as a secure payment terminal. U.S. Patent Application 14/150,313. Peltier, T.R., 2016.Information Security Policies, Procedures, and Standards: guidelines for effective information security management. CRC Press. Puzio, P., Molva, R., nen, M. and Loureiro, S., 2014. Block-level de-duplication with encrypted data.Open Journal of Cloud Computing (OJCC),1(1), pp.10-18. Regina M. Hechanova, M., 2013. The call center as a revolving door: a Philippine perspective.Personnel Review,42(3), pp.349-365. Saylor, M.J., Bouzid, A.T., Durgani, P.B., Rennyson, D.J. and Perera, P.S.N., Angel. Com Incorporated, 2014.Multimodal interactive voice response system. U.S. Patent 8,654,934. Xiaosong, Z.H.O.U., Wu, H.J., Chung, C.Y., Normile, J.O., Abuan, J.S., Jeong, H., Yang, Y., Johar, G. and Jansen, T., Apple Inc., 2016.Dynamic detection of pause and resume for video communications. U.S. Patent 9,232,187. Ye, N., Zhu, Y., Wang, R.C. and Lin, Q.M., 2014. An efficient authentication and access control scheme for perception layer of internet of things.

Sacred Heart Youth Group free essay sample

If somebody asked me to explain one decision that shaped me as a person, I would have to tell him or her it would have been joining the Sacred Heart Youth Group. I wasn’t to keen on joining right at first. My mom had been harping on me for the whole summer saying how â€Å"it would make me a better person†. At first I thought it would just be a bunch of church lovers who say prayers all night, and I did not want people to think I was a nerd or something, but I went. I was wrong, after going there for a couple of Monday nights, I soon found out that it was nothing like I had ever imagined. Arriving there and eating pizza while going over announcements was just to get people talking. After that, we would try and plan our next act of community service we were going to commit. We will write a custom essay sample on Sacred Heart Youth Group or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I felt the same way about community service as I did joining the youth group. Looking back now I believe I was scared to try new things. With my mom pushing me one November morning I braved the frigid air and helped distribute food for the local food pantry. That single experience changed my view of people forever. After that cold morning all I wanted to do was help others. That next Monday at our meeting, I told Anna how it had changed the way I wanted to peruse my life and asked her if I could sign up for any more activates. She gave me a list of community service events that were coming up, and so I signed up for most of them. Still hundreds of hours later, I still love helping out others, and the biggest thing I learned from performing those duties is that they are fun. Most people view community as boring and something they are forced to do, as where I look forward to doing it, and making other people smile. The other biggest thing I look away from our youth group is being a leader. When I first arrived there, I was shy and didn’t want to talk much, but after a couple weeks I loosened up. Once Anna got to know me more, she started asking me to start up and lead discussions about anything I wanted to. With my success that I had with that, she asked me to be one of the seven leaders at our first SMASH Retreat as Casowasco retreat center. I agreed and from there on out the next ten months was strictly planning. When the retreat finally arrived, I was assigned to look over six youth. My duties were to make sure they are having a fun time, as well as lead them in every activity that was to be done. I loved it. Being able to help people enrich their faith really touched me and helped make me who I am today. Looking at me, most think I am a regular boy who plays sports and does well in school, but what they do not see, is all the things that go into me being myself. Just from joining one little club, out of hundreds I could choose from completely changed my life. It wasn’t one single event that changed it, but the exposure to helping others through community service, and leading others through the same experience are traits and qualities that will forever be with me.

bio study guide questions Essay Example

bio study guide questions Essay Chapter: 20 Part: 1 of 1 Parts Major Topic(s) Covered: Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function Read Additional Section(s): Individual Assignment(s): In class your group will be asked to answer the following question: The regulatory mechanisms that an organism uses result from an evolutionary process. Some organisms regulate their internal body temperature, and others do not. Make two suggestions as to what the evolutionary advantage might be for each of these two, quite different, lifestyles. Why this Material? Each of the living organisms on the planet Earth has evolved a istinctive body form (morphology) at a variety of levels: cellular, tissue. organ, whole animal. Yet we never should forget that it is the actual functioning of living matter at the these levels that that is at the heart of living processes. Thus, it is not possible to separate the analysis of an organisms structure from the functions that those structures carry out. And of course, evolutionary forces work on both structure and function. In this section we will look at common themes that we find in the structure- function relationships found in animals. Given the short evolutionary times (relative o the age of life on the planet) and the fact that all living things can be traced back to common ancestors, it will not be surprising that the arrangement and functioning of living systems is very similar in most animals. This section will also give us the opportunity to understand the control mechanisms necessary to maintain life and how organisms interact with their surroundings. We will write a custom essay sample on bio study guide questions specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on bio study guide questions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on bio study guide questions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer While we will focus on animals, you might keep in mind how these principles and ideas will relate to the other large group of multicellular organisms the plants. We will have a chance to look at those ore closely in a few weeks. Learning Objectives: Upon completion of this learning guide, you should be able to: 1. Describe relationship between structure and function in an animal. Anatomy study of the form of an organisms structures Physiology study of the functions of those structures 2. Be able to define the terms: tissue, organ, and organ system and understand the hierarchy of animal structure. Tissue an integrated group of similar cells that perform a common function and structure Organ made up of two or more types of tissues that together perform a pecific task Organ system consists of multiple organs that together perform a vital body function 3. Know the major organ systems in the animal by being able to describe its function and the primary organs that make it up. ) circulatory delivers 02, nutrients to cells, transports C02 to lungs metabolic wastes to kidneys 2) respiratory exchanges gases w/ environment, supplies blood w/ 02 disposing of C02 3) integumentary protect body against physical injury, infection, excessive heat/cold, drying out 4) Skeletal supports body, protects organs, provides framework for muscles to produce movements 5) Urinary- removes aste products from blood and urine; regulates chemical makeup, pH and water balance of blood 6) D igestive ingests and digest food, absorbs nutrients, and eliminates undigested material 7) Endocrine secretes hormones that regulate activities of body, maintains homeostasis 8) Lymphatic system returns excess body fluid to circulatory and functions as part of immune system 9)lmmune defends your body against infections and cancer 10) Nervous- coordinates your bodys activates by detecting stimuli, integrating information and directing the bodys responses 1 1) Reproductive produces gametes and sex hormones. Female system supports a developing embryo and produces milk 4. Understand why an organism must have organ systems which allow for exchange with the environment, and give several examples of this at the cellular level. Complex animals have specialized internal structures that increase surface area. The blood helps maintain the proper balance of materials in the interstitial fluid surrounding body cells. Example: digestive, respiratory, urinary and circulatory systems. 5. Explai n what is meant by the term homeostasis and the mechanisms that organisms use to maintain this state. Homeostasis a steady state Homeostasis mechanisms regulate internal conditions, resulting in much smaller changes in the animals internal environment. Homeostasis depends on negative feedback: Control systems detect change and direct responses. Negative-feedback mechanisms keep internal variables fairly constant, with small fluctuations around set points. 6. Understand the meaning and use of the following terms or ideas: CT computed tomography (x-ray) PET Positron-emission tomography (glucose) MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging (hydrogen atoms) Interstitial fluid solution that body cells are bathed with; exchange takes place through this fluid

The History Of Hard Rock Cafe Tourism Essay Essay Example

The History Of Hard Rock Cafe Tourism Essay Essay Example The History Of Hard Rock Cafe Tourism Essay Essay The History Of Hard Rock Cafe Tourism Essay Essay The history of Hard Rock Cafe headquartered in Orlando, Florida began from July 14, 1971 by the visual aspect of a modest coffeehouse in London, England. Hard Rock Cafe s laminitiss are Isaac Tigrett and Peter Morton, two enterprising and music-loving Americans. And, 1982 is the clip for HR s enlargement when 2 proprietors decided to develop their ain HRC in many different topographic points. After some passages and acquisitions, HR International now belongs to the Seminole Tribe of Florida with over 171 locales in more than 52 states around the universe, including 134 coffeehouse and 15 Hotels/Casinos, unrecorded music locales, and a immense one-year Rockfest concert. Differing from other corporations, HRC s consciousness of the trade name appeared at start-up and throughout the development procedure. Hard Rock Cafe theoretical account is typical of the method of building merchandises by subject a trade name new selling tool. Hard Rock Cafe is a mixture of experience, manner, amusement factor, sharing consciousness and finally memories storage. This is the cardinal factor taking HRC s present success. With stone n axial rotation esthesia A HR birthright- demonstrated by USD million valued aggregations of memorabilia, service doctrine Love All Serve All and operations under the streamer Save The Planet, Hard Rock Cafe the nucleus of HR International amusement and leisure company- will decidedly go on to successfully spread out the Hard Rock Brand. Kuala Lumpur ( Malaysia ) and Ho Chi Minh City ( Vietnam ) are considered alien and widespread venues of HR system. In 2011, Hanoi ( Vietnam ) is one of eight locales of HRC coming into being. I. THE OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT STRATEGY OF HRC From a modest coffeehouse in London, HRC now occupies over 171 locations in 52 states. This success has been achieved by altering from a themed eating house into one take parting in what is now called the Experience Economy . Working in service industry, HRC s merchandises are services and they are intangible. OM ever plays an of import portion in service country. HRC understands this and uses OM efficaciously to acquire entree to their mark service invitees with alone experiences at each every bit good as every coffeehouse. This is found through its mission of To distribute the spirit of Rock n Roll by presenting an exceeding amusement and dining experience. We are committed to being an of import, conducive member of our community and offering the Hard Rock household a merriment, healthy, and fostering work environment while guaranting our long-run success . In service industry, scheme is fundamentally OM strategy.HRC uses Multi-Domestic scheme when utilizing its ( US ) domestic theoretical account globally, and utilizing franchising operations when it makes sense to make so. ( Half company, half franchise ) . This may includes utilizing the usage of joint ventures or subordinates. Franchises are used when it is decided that local ownership will convey a alone capableness, or local conditions suggest there will be an unusual or hard execution . In order to entree the competitory advantage ( Strategic Differentiation, Low Cost, and Response ) . Although HRC has no normal rivals, a batch of its challengers are from experience that tourers can see. HRC selectively applies 10 OM determinations, lending to singular accomplishments. This consequences in 92 % name recognistion all over the universe, seting HR in the top 10 of all eating houses. 1. Merchandise and Service Design With the doctrine Love all serve all , HRC provide invitees with experience, non repasts merely. Here, the chefs modify bill of fare from authoritative American Burger A ; chicken wings- to include higher-end points ( stuffed veau chops, lobster dress suits ) . They besides analyse and test the repasts every bit good as reappraisal the bill of fare to do certain the nutrient is good qualified and delightful plenty to function their invitees. Because HRC Easts to distinction for doing competitory advantage, the bill of fare every bit good as nutrient is normally changed. Besides, HR is adding a new accent on unrecorded music A ; redesigning its eating houses to suit the changing gustatory sensations. 2. Quality Differing from merchandise, service s quality is affected by many subjective criterions. It is non easy to put up a general degree of quality. This requires a serious attempt to acquire a success. With a concatenation of over 171 locations in 52 states, HRC has presents retained many trade names. HRC realises the importance of entire quality ; hence, each staff or each repast is strongly focused. The staff must be good qualified. They besides make research on nutrient, gustatory sensation or providers. Many studies about quality have been on a regular basis done based on the feedback or remark sheet from invitees. They aim at the most perfect quality by utilizing the scorecard of a one to seven graduated table. If the tonss are non a seven, this means a failure. They are happy to have the remarks from invitees, even the ailments by which they can better the services. That is the ground of the slogan We re traveling to harvest the benefits of the attempts that we put into it, so in t he terminal, the love you take is equal to the love you make . 3. Procedure and capacity design: Because Customer may be straight involved in procedure design and Capacity must fit demand ( service with 10 OM determinations Heizer A ; Render ) , HRC puts invitees at the bosom of operations and staffs ever try their best to fulfill invitees. Scheduling the big staff of barmans, cooks and servers, waiteresses is done based off of tracking gross revenues. The agenda can be modified for being suited with occupation character, seasonality and guestsconvenience for the intent of efficiency. Everyday, HRC serves about 100,000 repasts with appetisers, salad, sandwich, sides, Burger, entries and sweets. 4. Location choice: In service industry, location must be near clients. That is why HRC chooses the best locale at the centre of each metropolis to turn up. Location is a cardinal factor in service concern. It is the prerequisite status devising or breakage concern scheme. At HRC, location is considered one of the most indispensable OM determinations done by Oliver Munday HR s frailty President for cafe development. Before opening a new HRC, Mr. Oliver Munday travels a universe to pick up a state for HR s following coffeehouse, choose a metropolis, and happen the ideal site and so negotiates the trade. After that, he works with designers and contrivers and corsets with the undertaking through the gap and first twelvemonth s gross revenues. Normally, Mr. Oliver Munday looks at several factors with a planetary position when sing a location. Some of them are: political hazard, currency hazard, societal norms, trade name tantrum, societal costs, concern patterns. And, an extended research checklist is appl ied. They pay attending and do a tendency analysis of Demographics, Visitor Market, Transportation, Restaurants and Nightclubs ( a choice in cardinal mark market countries ) , Political Risk, Real Estate Market and Hard Rock Cafe Comparable Market Analysis. Depending on the consequence, HRC will finalize the concern theoretical account, joint-ventures, subordinates or franchise on the manner to put up a alone base. With 75 % invitees are tourers, most of HRC are located in cardinal countries holding congregated night life. The location determination is at least a 10-15 twelvemonth committedness. Besides, Break-Even Analysis is used to assist make up ones mind whether to construct the purchased land, or to reconstruct an bing installation. Currently, Munday is to a great extent looking into planetary enlargement in Europe, Latin America, and Asia. As estimated, there are 8 HRC that are coming into being in 2011, including Hanoi, Vietnam, assisting to increase the entire grosss to about 180. 5. Layout design: In service industry, layout is another of import component, lending to bettering merchandise A ; production. After turn uping, depending on world, HRC will make up ones mind the layout design. Sometimes, they purchase the land to the locale. Sometimes, they merely reconstruct on the base of rent land. HRC takes a great trade of clip for this work from exterior to interior. The lineation must be attractive while ornament is at the purpose of pulling the attending of invitees. The saloon, furniture, illuming system, sound and circulation are at the invitees comfort. Meanwhile, the working station every bit good as kitchen, nutrient country makes staff easy to run and function invitees at soonest. Furthermore, retail store together with memorabilia creates a deep feeling by a alone manner that can non be found anyplace else. All of them conveying the invitees a particular ambiance of life in RocknRoll universe. 6. Human resources and occupation design: Bing cognizant of the function of human resource which is critical in service, particularly in experience economic system, HRC is ever careful of enlisting every bit good as preparation. Applicants to HRC hold to run into the standards of visual aspect, positivity in attitude, high self-motivation and involvement in functioning and sharing experience. In add-on, they are required to be skilled at work and passionate approximately music every bit good. Bing a staff here, everybody passes Rock 101 a 2-day preparation class for basic service accomplishments and with a rock n roll spirit. Job-oriented synergistic Cadmiums covering kitchen, retail amp ; front-of-the-house service is the content of HRC s preparation programme. HRC tends to the scheme edifice a civilization leting for credence of significant diverseness and individualism , there is no favoritism at HRC. The publicity and employee policy are besides strongly focused and equal to all staffs. With value system to convey a merriment, healthy, nuturing environment into the HRC civilization , the staff is the component conveying the rock n roll psyche, doing atmosphere alive and bringing exceeding experience to the invitees. That is the ground why HRC is said to hold the competitory advantade through its human resources. Besides those determinations above, HRC besides pay attending to supply-chain, Inventory, programming and care direction. In order to hold nutrient served with freshness and high quality, HRC chooses the qualified providers and regularly work with them. At HRC, they set a agenda trusting on concern gross revenues, gross, events, seasonality, gross revenues forecast and concern tendency analysis to do certain they are ever at service. The most of import stock list direction is for memorabilia aggregations valueing over US $ 40 million with more than sixty 1000 pieces decorated at all HRC. No affair what the big figure of memorabilia, HRC efficaciously manage from a distance. They know good the name of every memorabilia, how many of them at each HRC and where to set. The care of memorabilia is done at Orlando every 5-7 old ages ; therefore, their valuable and largest RocknRoll aggregation is in good status all the clip. In add-on to OM determinations applied, HRC planetary scheme can be successful thanks to good prediction. Difficult Rock does nt restrict its usage of prediction tools to gross revenues. Depending on the application, Hard Rock makes long-range, intermediate-term or short-run gross revenues prognosiss conducted each month, by coffeehouse, and so aggregated for a central office position. The day-to-day prognosis is farther broken into hourly gross revenues. The point-of-sale system ( POS ) is at the Centre of the gross revenues calculating system. Computerized programming package is used and so they compare the existent gross revenues to calculate to cipher the discrepancies, find out the ground for bettering. A 3-year leaden moving norm is applied to cafe gross revenues, multiple arrested development is found in Hard Rock s bill of fare planningaˆÂ ¦Effective prediction helps HRC be at good service, lending to its successful Operations Management. In brief, selective application of 10 OM determinations with forecasting brings HRC with a competitory advantage, distinguishing HRC from other coffeehouse. This puts HRC steadfastly in the service industry, particularly in experience economic system which is so attractive but with a assortment of troubles and challenges every bit good. II. THE OPERATIONS MANAGEMENTS CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR HARD ROCK WHEN CONSIDERING AN EXPANSION OF ITS BUSINESS INTO HANOI Continuing with the success in enlargement, HRC foremost appeared in Vietnam in 2009 by franchise done by Viet Thai International. That is HRC located in Kumho Plaza, right at the bosom of Saigon, the biggest and crowded metropolis of Vietnam. After over one twelvemonth of operation in Saigon, Vietnam HRC measure by measure gained some success with staying musical esthesia demonstrated through RocknRoll and valuable memorabilia aggregation. At the minute, there are a assortment of bars, eating houses, coffeehouse and even hotels in this metropolis ; however, HRC is still considered high spot. Of class, the topics of HRC is non monolithic, but selective. Their invitees are fundamentally hi-end, rich, sophisticated and with high musical gustatory sensation or aliens, tourers. They come to HRC non for a drink or a repast merely but for a mixture of experience, manner, amusement factor, sharing consciousness and finally memories storage.. On the manner to development, one more HRC is bei ng estimated to come into being in Hanoi capital of Vietnam. It is no uncertainty that HRC will confront many challenges. Hanoi is the Vietnam 2nd largest in population ( 6.5 million people ) with instability between urban and rural, urban and suburban. Hanoians are non so -going, and open-minded as the southern people. They live traditionally and slightly rigorous, conservative in accepting anything new or unusual. This is the obstruction to HRC with experience manner which seems still new to Vietnam. Besides, there are a batch of hotels, saloon, eating houses, amusement centres, shpping mallsaˆÂ ¦ , even modern locales invested by aliens that are regarded as rivals of HRC in experience economic system. The bound of Hanoi is at the deficiency of aiport. Until now, Noi Bai is the lone one airdrome and really far from Hanoi s centre ( 40 kilometers ) , the roads are non bad but non good synchronised yet, doing some obstructions to transit. A assortment of eating houses, saloon, cabarets are bing and working in this metropolis, which are rivals sharing the market in experience industry. The competiti on is more and more intense. About the Real Estate Market, it shows a bad fluctuation with unreasonably high monetary value. Hanoi s land is grouped into highest market in the universe, conveying the trouble in investing. Besides, the aftereffect of planetary crisis taking the lessening in hi-end people, including tourers with high affordability. Harmonizing to official staticstic, in 2010, the figure of hi-end tourers coming to VN toss off around 15-20 % . Some foreign offices temporarily near or cut down staff. The local people tend to cut the bugdet for amusement. Therefore, a luxury environment like HRC will be much damaged in measure, to some extent. However, it is evident to entree many chance for HRC when make up ones minding to spread out into Hanoi. The first chance is the demographics. The population of Hanoi is large at 6.5 million, the figure of people with high affordability are younger and younger. They will be easy at having the new characteristics like an experience. A figure of Hanoians earnestly and like to take the signifier of a infinite so epicurean and alone can be a pick to show position, their degree. Hanoi is the capital, the fix figure of aliens ling and working here is great. Many eating houses, hotels, bars, convention centersaˆÂ ¦that are good qualified to function a figure of riders. Embassies, foreign companies, NGOsaˆÂ ¦are majorly located here. And the large figure of tourers and business communities come here. And, many events, MICE activities are foremost chosen to organised here. With 75 % of HRC is tourers as statistic, Hanoi is at this advantage. Besides, the economic indexs are non excessively bad, even during the economic downswing, assuring a benefit for HRC when populating criterion is enhanced and more invitees coming to this coffeehouse. The following chance is created by the distinction scheme. Although there are a large figure of hotels, eating houses, saloon, shopping promenades or entertainmnet centres, nil is outstanding and highlighted. HRC with the alone characteristics by concatenation tradition will really pull clients. In add-on, the transit in Hanoi is more and more improved. Hanoi is the hub of northern part, the nexus of metropoliss, states in North. Except from the deficiency of synchronism in roads and a bigger airdrome with bigger capacity, the transit system is comparatively good. Noi Bai an international aiport with a history of 33 old ages and a capacity of 10 million riders per twelvemonth with many air hoses ( VNA, China Airline, Singapore Airlines, JetstaraˆÂ ¦ ) and direct flights to abroad. Hanoi besides has celebrated river right at the center of metropolis and a railroad station that is non far from the centre. These are comfortss! Hanoi besides brings HRC another chance of safety. Vietnam is considered one of 10 safe finishs. Everyone can be certain about the political hazard in our state. A stable and incorporate political government together with a high security can decidedly convey the bright prospective of concern. Hanoi with high populating criterion, a great figure of local people are able to extremely afford, holding high demands in musical gustatory sensation and quality. Here is the cradle of stone with a big figure of fans. As a consequence, HRC with RocknRoll esthesia can to the full run into their demands and front-runner. Furthermore, HRC foremost came to Vietnam by Franchised done by Viet Thai International in 2009. Viet Thai International is a successful corporation in Highlands coffeehouse concatenation. It is apparent that HRC can go on experience in making operations in coffeehouse in peculiar and in experience industry in general. HRC has been holding strong trade name and repute. In brief, with a batch of chances analysed above, it is clear that HRC makes a determination of enlargement to Hanoi is sensible. And, it is no uncertainty that HRC will go on their success if they remain faithful to system s spirit The RocknRoll esthesia so that invitees come here non for merely a repast or a drink, but a mixture of experience, manner, amusement factor, sharing consciousness and finally memories storage. This is the feeling that can non be found anyplace except HRC concatenation, until now. = gt ; Choose cardinal territory ( Hoan Kiem ) at Vincom Plaza

Personal Statement for international relations course - 1

For international relations course - Personal Statement Example It is my considered opinion that Russia has to perforce work with the comity of nations as a team member. The world is now more or less globalised, and no nation can afford to ignore the claims of international relations. It has been acknowledged that the people of my generation have to come forth and shoulder the onerous task of improving international relations. This is a sine qua non, and failure to do so will ensure the isolation of Russia within a short span of 10 years. The unswerving objective to embark upon this course is my primary motivator in life. In school, I became an acknowledged leader, as evidenced by my being offered the post of a prefect, within a year of my joining school. This served to render me more responsible, reliable and patient. I assiduously studied Economics, History, Mathematics and Politics, which enhanced my analytical and writing skills substantially. This enabled me to participate in the Royal Economic Society Competition of 2014, which demands superlative analytical and writing skills. My essay was titled â€Å"Is Independence Consistent with Scotland Keeping the Pound?† Moreover, I am experienced in international relations due to my tenure in a law firm located in China. This firm is one of the best in China, in the area of international conflicts. Consequently, I became an adept in international relations. Thus, I have become familiar with Chinese law, international law, and the reasons behind the emergence of disputes between nations. My Russian origin and employment in China made me proficient in several languages. As a result, I can research and analyse information from diverse sources and in different languages. Furthermore, this expertise has significantly improved my capacity to solve problems, evaluate arguments and separate facts from redundant and irrelevant information. My fairly considerable written and verbal skills have made me competent in presenting and

An ethical analysis of the September 11 attacks Essay

An ethical analysis of the September 11 attacks - Essay Example These attacks were however carried out by Muslim extremists whose ideals were not representative of the Muslim sentiment as a whole. Nevertheless, this attack created a significant rift between the US and the Muslim community. There are various explanations which have been suggested in order to make sense of this attack. These explanations always return to the core issues of terrorism and Muslim extremism. This analysis shall now consider two approaches (Marxism and Realism) to the incident, evaluating the ethics of the situation. The US policy in relation to the developing world soon after the 9/11 attacks shall be the main focus of this analysis, utilizing Marxist and Realist approaches to ethical assessment. The 9/11 terrorist attack and the subsequent War on Terror and the Iraqi War led to instances of western bigotry against the east (Bai). Based on the need to react to the atrocities perpetrated by the Muslim followers, the attacks might be understandable, however, such racism is often carried over to designate Marxism (MacGregor and Zarembka). Some analysts have mentioned, without any sufficient reason for religious fundamentalism in the East, they labeled such religions and practices as the source of crazy fundamentalism, labeling Marxism with the same negative connotation (MacGregor and Zarembka). The 9/11 report on the attacks also established similar connotations, and blamed all the problems on the underachievement and jealousy issues of eastern working class citizens. There are arguments which hold Marxism to task for being too western a philosophy (MacGregor and Zarembka). Edward Said (p. 153) claims that Marxism views Asia as a group entity, not as a plurality of individuals with varying and diverse identities. He does not acknowledge that Marx seems to apply the same ideals to England and India (Said, p. 154). Such criticism may also be based on Marx’s perception of the working class and the bourgeoisie of England where they are grouped to gether based on class. While Said might justifiably accuse Marx with an overall view of class struggle, Marx would likely agree to these same precepts (Said, p. 153). The Marxist theory often supports leftist ideals and has always acknowledged that states operate to protect the interest of the economic working class (Owusu, p. 3). Marxist commentators agree to the outcomes of the 9/11 attacks, most of them are not willing to agree that 9/11 in a manner which was not validated by the US officials; in effect, they discount the possibility of conspiracy of capitalists (Owusu, p. 3). Although the attack established a means for the US to undertake military action, no thought was given to the fact that the attack may have been based on state actions (Owusu, p. 3). However, in general, the Marxist connotations do not support a planned and convoluted action by the US. Marxism is based on economic and sociopolitical ideals which highlight the materialist evaluation of history, and a critique on the development of capitalism (Callinicos, p. 5). In reviewing the 9/11 attacks, terrorism was built on economic hardships, mostly exacerbated by the dominance of capitalism and Western capitalism in the developing countries (Carmody, p. 85). These terrorists believe that their economic

Research Operations Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Research Operations Report - Essay Example As found, modern way of managing people does not only require dealing with complexities, but should complement with coping with change. Therefore, it is clear especially in the case of Apple Incorporated that managing people in the age of tough competition should employ leadership skills to gain competitive advantage. As leadership deals with change, managing people in the context of leading the human resource to the right direction should ensure emancipation of change. After all, there is a need for the whole team to walk on the same direction for the achievement of corporate goals and objectives. The complex level of management especially in dealing with people should be made easy through integrating leadership by coping with change. Therefore, modern organisations should integrate this contemporary idea just as how Apple Incorporated has made it possible to differentiate the way it manages its human resource. ... Due to tough competition, organisations learn the importance of managing people as the key to achieving competitive advantage. Apple Incorporated has learned this idea through its adaptation of a highly innovative culture as it continuously seeks its competitive advantage. Thus, operational and strategic tasks and objectives move Apple to put its foot forward to managing the people as its key resources, prior to the accomplishment of its vision. That is why human resource management has become so important today especially among highly sophisticated organisations like Apple that are seeking to create a significant market share and competitive edge. Due to its innovative organisational structure, managing people at Apple is about influence. So there is a strong point about Steven Jobs’ leadership from the past and even on Apple’s future leaders. It is crucial on the part of Apple to maintain a high value of leadership in order to emancipate effective management of people , while ensuring the achievement of its vision. However, the complex nature of human behavior and its dynamic response towards change makes managing people a multifaceted activity in an organisation. One could not contest the fact that some organisations might resist change, but this should not stop managers to understand clearly more about people and issues (Johnson-Cramer et al., 2007, p.85). Managing people should at some point require strong level of leadership skills in order to magnify influence as a significant source of change. According to Kotter (1998), leadership copes with change while management deals with complexity. Therefore, managing change in an organisation should effectively fall on process and people

Impact Of Eastern European Immigration On United Kingdom Economics Essay

Impact Of Eastern European Immigration On United Kingdom Economics Essay Is the sentiment against immigration in the United Kingdom well-founded or is immigration used merely as a scapegoat for the economic failings of liberal democratic society? In a recent survey by Populus involving more than 5,000 respondents, two out of three white Britons thought that immigration was bad for UK, a view echoed by nearly 43% of Asians and 17% black Britons.  [1]  Recently, headlines have capitalised on the death of multiculturalism and how the whole policy on immigration has lost its allure.  [2]   Clearly, the immigration debate is a contentious one. The economic downturn is Europes central political and policy preoccupation. In such a climate, it is unsurprising that the value of economic migration has come under scrutiny. Concerns are hardly limited in the UK.  [3]  Rising immigration is also common to many industrialised countries, where the average share of immigrants in the labor force has increased from 4.3% to 7.2% between 1995 and 2005.  [4]  In the wake of the global war on terror and the economic recession, the prevalent feeling today is anti-immigrant and unfortunately, according to some rights groups, bordering on racism.  [5]  Lest we rely allow speculation and emotion to take precedence on the issue, it is best to investigate empirical evidence on the impact of immigration on the UK. Critics of immigration policy have contended that the presence of immigrants have created more negative than positive consequences for the UK economy, that the unpreceden ted rise of immigrant populations have caused downward pressure on wages, taken employment off native Britons, with immigrants going for a free-ride off UKs welfare system and the need for greater integration.  [6]  Most of these criticisms are based on speculations; empirical studies on the impact of immigration on the UK are relatively young and have mixed findings. Some studies support the contention that the immigration balloon has reduced wages for Britons  [7]  but several studies have also supported the positive contributions of immigrants in the UK economy  [8]  and whatever effects immigration may have on labour, are minimal.  [9]   One of the largest immigrant groups that have made their mark on UK society are Eastern Europeans those who were absorbed in the labour forces as a result of the accession of eight countries the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia to the European Union.  [10]  The geographical references Eastern Europe is used interchangeably with East Central Europe, the former Soviet Union, the Balkans, or the Baltic region. In the context of immigration and in the analysis being conducted in this thesis, Eastern Europe will refer to the so-called Accession 8 countries earlier mentioned. The influx of Eastern European migrants is due to several factors. Politically, EU policy is attributed to be the most significant driver of immigration in the UK. The free flow of migrant workers from Eastern Europe was fuelled by the EU Four Freedoms codified in a 2004 Directive.  [11]  While most of EU member countries came up with immigration restrictions, UK along with Sweden and Ireland did not. Migrant labourers from the A8 countries have come and gone freely in the UK since 2004. Aside from policy drivers, economic drivers also influenced migration patterns. So-called economic push and pull factors determine the expansion and retraction of migrant labour supply in the UK. Among the push factors include increasing poverty in the countries of origin, overpopulation, and excess blue-collar labour. Countries from the former Communist bloc suffered economically and had large segments of unemployed workers in their population coupled with dwindling social services. These diffic ulties are aggravated by a consistent growth in population, low levels of education, and lack of training.  [12]   Pull factors are those arising from labour demand in receiving countries such as the UK. Particular demographic characteristics could explain the pull in migrant labour from Eastern Europe. For instance, UK has seen declining fertility rates, an ageing population, and a rising level of highly educated professionals which is increasingly wary of undesirable menial jobs.  [13]  Undesirable jobs are characterised by low wages, long hours, and lack of job security those that appeal less to native Britons and more to immigrants. Jobs that fit into this category have been growing at a steady pace. Between 1979 and 1999, jobs belonging to the ten lowest paid occupations increased by 12 percent.  [14]  A small percentage of these workers receive social benefits; 3 out of 5 of them are not eligible for maternity or paternity leave; half of them do not get raises; and more than 50 percent did not receive sick pay. Studies have shown how around 90 percent of the lowest paid jobs in the UK are taken up by migrant workers.  [15]   Aside from the economic push and pull which motivate migration for most Eastern European workers, social and political factors also significant influence these decisions. Migration is also fuelled by the desire to reunite with family or build social networks. A study shows that the important of social networks and family cohesion cannot be discounted as significant factors influencing migration decisions.  [16]  New migrants are usually those who already have family members working as migrants in the UK and the decision to move is largely due to initial family migration. A report shows that the migration of Eastern Europeans to England is mainly through word-of-mouth and family networks. Family referrals are the most common routes to obtaining employment.  [17]  The importance of family networks is often seen as a boon or a bane by receiving communities. To the migrant communities, migration facilitated through family networks serve as foundation of community solidarity and f ormation. To receiving communities, such community formations may lead to the ghettoisation of migrant communities, giving worries that migrants do not assimilate enough with the mainstream society.  [18]  This, in effect, fuels suspicion and othering of migrant workers, and laying the basis for security concerns. As far as Eastern European immigrants are concerned, the common fear is the unregulated entry of migrants and asylum seekers may lead to increasing involvement with organised crime.  [19]   The most forceful argument made by immigration critics so far is to emphasise the negative consequences of Easter European immigration on labour. Saying that the influx of cheap labour from Central and Eastern Europe causes a downward pressure on wages has been asserted as early as 2004 by economists. In 1999, a study conducted by the Department of Education and Employment came up with conclusions supporting this fear: it found that if higher levels of unskilled workers came in, native Britons would be on the losing end and that if the opposite were true and migration instead attracted highly-skilled workers, native Britons would get the long end of the stick.  [20]  In addition, recent studies have also echoed the finding that the recent immigration levels have significantly reduced wages of British workers.  [21]  The disadvantages of immigration on job security of British workers have been largely hyped in the media  [22]  despite empirical studies generally contradict ing this claim. In fact, several economic papers have found that the migration flows prior to 2000 until 2005 have shown very little evidence of a negative impact. Specific studies on the impact of Eastern Europe immigrants have also stated that the general fear associated with migrant labour does not have empirical basis.  [23]  Econometric studies have also contradicted hypotheses that the increasing number of immigrants from the A8 countries have led to rising unemployment among British workers.  [24]  What is known about the impact of Eastern European immigration is little compared to U.S. studies examining migration consequences. Nevertheless, a substantial amount of scholarly literature is present. This present work reviews scholarly material and econometric studies related to the impacts of migration from A8 countries on the outcomes of native Britons in three spheres (1) labour, (2) culture, and (3) security. This paper uses the term immigrants and immigration to refer to people originated from any of the A8 countries to stay temporarily or permanently in the UK. For the purpose of this study, the term immigrants is used as a category under which labour migrants, asylum seekers, and political refugees all fall under. Research Questions The study focused on answering the following questions: What is the historical context of Eastern European immigration to the UK? What are the current migration trends in Eastern European immigration? What is the impact of Eastern European immigration on a) labour, b) culture, and c) security? Structure of the Paper This paper is structured into four main sections. The first section includes a brief description of the historical setting of migration in Europe. Moreover, the history of migration in Britain is particularly examined. The second chapter deals with the most recent migration patterns and migration trends of Eastern Europeans to the UK. It examined the rise and fall of migration numbers and account for possible factors that led to these trends. The third section presented a brief discussion on the major policies that have affected migration trends of Eastern Europeans toward the UK. The fourth section made a thorough review of the findings of scholarly studies particularly econometric studies that have dealt with the issue of immigration impacts. First, the impact on labour is examined whether or not immigration is negatively associated to outcomes of native workers. Second, the impact of Eastern European immigration in the context of assimilation, integration, and community cohesion is discussed. Third, security concerns on the so-called irregular workers and their ties to organised crime are examined. Historical Context of East European Immigration The United Kingdom is a region where immigration and emigration co-exist, and its British citizens have always been accommodating to the migrant inflow. There has been no clear evidence as to when migrants first came into the region. However, the post-war effect was the migration of the people from the New Commonwealth which was viewed as an influx of non-white races, such as Caribbeans, Indians and those from Bangladesh. The high migration was from 1950 to 1970 slowly made the UK a significant player in the European labour market. The migration has always been considered long-term or temporary.  [25]   Immigration to the UK began to increase when the government from the EU Accession countries, also referred to as the A8, have provided a policy that allowed migration from the A8 countries to the UK. The A8 countries are the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia. Migrants from these regions have considered economic factors as one of the main reasons to move out of their respective nations into the United Kingdom, which has a relatively attractive economic status over the past years.  [26]   Migration from Eastern Europe began during the 1900s because of the Russian communist sovereign. This era was marked by a high flow of migrants from Russian territories, all determined to escape the difficulties brought about by a communist republic. It was recorded that migration was from Eastern to Western Europe, with few people returning to their original residence.  [27]  The primary estimate of migrants conducted by the Labour government was between 5,000 to 13,000, but the actual resultant population of migrants was far more than what was expected.  [28]   One such group is the Polish. The United Kingdom opened its doors to the Polish community to help Polish soldiers and support the British labour market. In 1939, migration from Poland to its neighbouring countries was due to the Soviet brutality and deportation. Polish soldiers were forced to reside outside the borders of their country to reform, and at the end of the war, some have decided to settle in the United Kingdom and even brought with them their families. The twentieth century marked the increased flow of Eastern European migrants in different nations in Europe, and even outside Europe, particularly United States and Australia. The free movement after the war resulted in the reconfiguration of the political structure in Europe, and 2004 has been marked as the turning point for the Polish migration to the United Kingdom.  [29]   In 2004, the UK has experienced a fast inflow of migrant workers from the A8 countries, and these workers have been given the freedom to migrate and work in the UK even without any employment permit. This was a political strategy to get workers for low-paying jobs and empty slots for skilled workers.  [30]   Prior to the May 1st accession of the A8 workers, the Workers Registration Scheme [WRS] was created to modulate the access of the A8 workers to different welfare benefits and gather data that will aid in regulating the inflows and creation of policies. The WRS has mandated that A8 workers who have acquired jobs in the UK in a period of one month must register with the Home Office.  [31]   Asylum seekers have also been consistently being monitored by the UK government, Roma from the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Romania have entered the UK borders by placing themselves under the Eurostar train or by hiding themselves in enormous containers being delivered to the UK.  [32]  In the early 1980s, 150,000 asylum seekers migrate per year, sharply increased in 1992 to 850,000 and went down again to 380,000 in 1997. The sharp increase in the number of asylum seekers in 1992 was brought about by the collapse of Soviet Union and other issues related to the split of Yugoslavia.  [33]   In general, the East to West migration of Eastern Europeans was brought about by the change from communism to a socialist type of government, the removal of the restrictions to travel across the region and the re-delineation of individual rights.  [34]  Aside from the political changes, the accession of the ten new countries, including the A8 countries, to the European Union on May 2004 and expansion of the EU further increased the number of immigrants to the UK, Sweden and Ireland. The three mentioned countries are the only regions which have freely opened its labour market to the A8 migrant workers upon accession in 2004. They have been able to get jobs without restrictions and were provided the right to live like UK citizens. Moreover, these migrant workers can be joined by their dependants.  [35]   Factors affecting the Immigration of European to the UK Economic factors have been regarded as the most significant motivating factor for individuals to migrate. It is a fact that the economic status in Central and Eastern European countries have changed from the communist period. The communist period was marked by a low employment rate and low wages for the working population. This has led to an unstable economy and low per capita income during that era. These factors have led individuals to consider migrating to other regions to improve their lifestyle and economic status, and minimise the effect of being deprived economically in their own countries.  [36]   Globalisation is a significant aspect in the migration trends as the improvement and economic growth of London, as paralleled to that of New York City, has made the migrants more mobile because the transportation cost has been reduced and people have become more appreciative of the employment opportunities that are available in the region. The decrease in the cost for transportation has encouraged the movement of migrant workers into the UK and has enforced its labour market.  [37]   The high employment rate and high per capita income are the main reasons why A8 countries migrate to the UK. Improvement in the GDP and employment rates in the A8 countries may eventually result to lower migrations to the UK. Similar to situations in other countries, the individual assesses the economic state of the country and compares the benefits and disadvantages of possible migration. If there is more to gain compared to that of staying in their own countries, these individuals have greater probability to migrate.  [38]   Two general factors affecting professionals and skilled people to migrate have been shown to be correlated, namely the goal to leave and the realisation of finding what they want somewhere else. The external force which serves as the driving mechanism makes individuals think of leaving their home country. These external forces are commonly in the form of job dissatisfaction resulting from low salaries or less benefits in their work area; unemployment or underemployment and uncontrollable social and political disturbances that disrupts the economic state of the individual. The realisation of finding what these individuals want is also economic in aspect, just the same as most of the reasons why they migrate. Being able to find a better-paying job, as well as getting a more specialised exposure to the field of work are appealing to those workers who are currently unsatisfied. Several factors will then be considered in terms of the location for migration. Some of these factors are job o pportunity, liberalised immigration policies, language barriers, salary, standard and cost of living, better job experience and fulfillment, environmental factors and government policies with regards to the acceptance of family members for petition. All these factors are inter-related, but different cultures and individual perspectives also affects the decisions being made by the professionals when migration is being considered.  [39]   Based on the same survey conducted by the Home Office, the UK was chosen by only 42% of their respondents as the most probable location to migrate, aside from United States, New Zealand, Australia or Europe. The UK culture and location as well as the language in the region has also been considered as significant factors for migration. The main advantage of the UK against USA was that the UK was the first to open its gates to migrant workers, providing equal job opportunities, was then seen as a provider of a less stressful work environment and that the provided jobs were better in terms of the job satisfaction and fulfillment of the migrant workers. Factors such as the intense climate, problems in procurement of work permits and distance from loved ones have been identified to reduce migration to the UK.  [40]   Political factors that caused migration have been common to both the Central and Eastern Europe. The migration policies that have been implemented in the early 1990s have significantly affected migration flow. Some of these policies are the liberalisation for visas within countries in Europe and legal entry of the working immigrants. These policies have dramatically encouraged citizens from other European regions, as well as the non-EU migrants to try to migrate to the first world countries in Europe, including the UK. Humanitarian factors such as in the case of refugees have been considered one of the reasons for immigration. The number of refugees greatly depends on the violence in the events taking place in their respective national residence. Some of these events are Coup detat  [41]  , government crises, guerrilla warfare and civil war; among which, civil war generated the most number of refugees with an estimate of 35 refugees for every one thousand of the population. The United Nations High Commission for Refugees [UNHCR] in the Geneva Convention for Refugees has referred to a refugee as someone who can no longer return to the country that he or she normally resides in because of possible persecution. The UNHCR have identified that most of these refugees are in Third World countries.  [42]   The refugees, in the course of their nations history, have moved farther away from their home where there is economic and political conflict, as well as threats to their safety, heading to the closest neighbouring country where they seek for temporary escape. However, most refugees go back to their homes as soon as the war ends because of the difficulties that they encounter in the refugee camps. The most appealing escape from the refugee camps is to cross borders of the neighbouring countries, wherein the refugees are provided only temporary resettlement and restricted rights in the countries that they have escaped to. These temporary privileges are the refugees reasons for both the migration from and return to their respective homes.  [43]   The long process required for refugees to seek protection in neighbouring countries takes a very long time and this has also been a problem because in most cases, smuggling and illegal entry into the neighbouring regions occur.  [44]  It has been estimated that 50% of the asylum seekers have been reported to enter UK, Germany and France by smuggling operations; and these refugees needed to pay at least $4000 to be able to get smuggled through Europe.  [45]  Data gathered about the asylum seekers show the uncertainties that are being encountered by these people who really have no idea of how and where their destination will be as the route that the smuggling operations take are dependent on the tightness of the security in the regions they are about to cross.  [46]  A 13-year pooled regression study  [47]  on 20 countries showed that factors such as employment rate, number of foreign nationals and the destination countrys liberalised perspective on immigration and acce ptance of asylum seekers are the key determinants for immigration. The increased influx of working migrants and asylum seekers to the UK have led to the formation of a point-based system to properly control the movement of immigrants into the UK. This type of system aimed at giving more restrictions to those who intend to apply for legal immigration in the UK, and this system also minimises the number of possible refugees that will enter the UK illegally.  [48]  The main goal of this point system is to slow down the population of UK, with the aim of controlling the pace of immigration. Types and Number of European Immigrants in the UK Immigration in the UK has been reported to be half of the total British population growth from 1991 to 2001. Some surveys have evaluated that most of the immigrants have settled in London, and Wembley has even reached half the population in its region. Three areas have also been identified in which there was a marked rise in the number of immigrants, namely Scotland, South-West and North-East England.  [49]   The number of working migrants in the UK has increased from 30,000 in the 1990s to about 80,000 in the early 2000. The labour market of the UK varies from EU nationals to non-EU nationals, but the most of which belong to the A8 countries. Professionals from other regions with the aim of improving their economic situation in first world regions also make up the immigrant population in the UK, but 90% of the aspiring immigrants are students and asylum-seekers.  [50]  The movement of foreign workers in the UK have shown that about 20% are IT professionals and about 8% work for financial services.  [51]   In 2006, the estimated number of refugees all over the world is about 12 million. This is a 400% increase compared to the estimated number during the 1970s, and is still expected to increase further based on the trends in the past decades. Furthermore, approximately 50,000 to 500,000 asylum seekers have resettled in developed countries from 1970 to 2006 (Hatton, 2004). Polish nationalities have been considered as one of the most significant ethnic population of the migrants in the UK. Being approximated at about 540,000 migrants, the Polish community is expected to grow even more in terms of the movement of the population from their country to the UK.  [52]  However, in 2007, despite the 237,000 increase in immigrants in the UK, there was a recorded decline in the number of Polish migrant workers going into the UK. The same trend is also observed with that of Latvia.  [53]   In 2009, a decrease in migration was observed, from 160,000 to 142,000, however, the data gathered did not include the number of asylum seekers, as well as the mobility of migrants in the Northern Ireland. A 59% increase was observed in the number of people that have become UK citizens, amounting to 203,790 individuals.  [54]   The increase in the number of migrants has not been only on the asylum seekers, but almost all categories of the immigrants currently living in the UK. The influx of migrants has been associated with the improvement of the economy in terms of employment opportunities, and rise in GDP. Asylum seekers, illegal aliens and overstayers were shown to be related to economic and political issues. The entry of illegal migrants is not feasible to be empirically measured but with the strong connection between migration and economic status, the number of illegal migrants is assumed to be increasing.  [55]